Oxytherm+ R System for high-resolution measurements of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics and other respirometry applications
Oxytherm+ R System for high-resolution measurements of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics and other respirometry applications
S1 Oxygen Electrode Disc | Oxygen electrode & chlorophyll fluorescence measurement systems for cellular respiration & photosynthesis research
Oxytherm+ R System for high-resolution measurements of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics and other respirometry applications

Oxytherm+R Respirometer

High-resolution analysis of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics & other respirometry applications.

  • High-resolution for detection of small changes in O2 consumption.
  • Sealed chamber for liquid samples between 0.2 – 2.5ml.
  • High-sensitivity Clark-type dissolved oxygen electrode.
  • Simultaneous analysis of O2 flux with Ca2+, K+, TPP+ or pH using ISEs.
  • Real-time display of O2 consumption & ISE data throughout the experiment.
  • Temperature controlled electrode chamber between 3 – 40°C.
  • Easy additions of substrates/inhibitors/uncouplers to the sample.
  • Data from up to 8 individual Oxytherm+ R systems acquired simultaneously.
  • Windows® software for data acquisition, hardware control & data analysis.
 

The Oxytherm+ R respirometer is an ideal choice for high-resolution, high sensitivity, cost-effective analysis of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics and other respirometry applications. Real-time oxygen flux measurements can be combined with simultaneous data from ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) to provide measurements including pH, calcium (Ca2+) and potassium (K+) activity, or membrane potential (TPP+).

Oxytherm+ R has been used in a wide range of different research applications within biomedical, biochemical and biotechnology sciences including:

  • Mitochondrial dysfunction and disease.
  • Neurology including brain/neuronal injury and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Oncology/cancer research.
  • Pharmaceuticals.
  • Aging.
  • Cardiology & cardiovascular disease research.
  • Endocrinology including diabetes research.
  • Hepatology.
  • Research into function and treatment of bacterial and viral infectious diseases.
  • Metabolomics.
  • Kinesiology and exercise physiology research.
  • Mycology.
  • Ecotoxicology.
  • Biophotovoltaics.
  • Nano materials.
  • Biorefining.
Click on the button below to view a selection of publications citing Hansatech Instruments high-resolution respirometry systems in biomedical research applications.

Oxytherm+ R control unit

Oxytherm+ R System for high-resolution measurements of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics and other respirometry applications

System configuration, calibration, and data acquisition are conducted exclusively through the accompanying OxyTrace+ software. Oxygen concentration and flux are plotted at user-defined acquisition intervals. Data acquisition is plotted in-software in real-time, allowing researchers to closely monitor the oxygen flux after the addition of substrates, inhibitors and uncouplers and, if necessary, react rapidly to modify the experimental process.

Additionally, the signal from a pH probe electrode, or other ion selective electrodes (ISEs), can be recorded. This allows researchers to closely monitor changes in oxygen flux alongside pH levels and other key indicators of mitochondrial function such as membrane potential (TPP+), Calcium (Ca2+) and potassium (K+) activity. The ISEs, and where necessary, a reference electrode, connect directly to the Oxytherm+ R providing a convenient, compact solution for any lab.

For complete flexibility, up to 8 individual instruments can be operated simultaneously as a multi-channel system. This allows researchers to perform synchronised assays on multiple sample types or under different conditions (such as pH or temperature).

Some users require hard-copy data due to rarity and importance of samples. An analogue output of the oxygen signal is provided which allows oxygen concentration data to be plotted to a chart recorder or other suitable data logging device with a 0 – 5V input.

Clark-type polarographic oxygen electrode

Clark-type polarographic oxygen electrode sensor.
The Hansatech Instruments oxygen electrode consists of a platinum cathode and silver anode set into an epoxy resin disc. The oxygen electrode is prepared for use by trapping a layer of 50% saturated KCl electrolyte solution beneath an oxygen-permeable PTFE membrane. A paper spacer placed beneath the membrane acts as a wick to provide a uniform layer of electrolyte between the anode and cathode. When a small voltage is applied across these electrodes, the current which flows is at first negligible and the platinum cathode becomes polarised with respect to the silver anode. As this potential is increased to 700 mV, oxygen is reduced at the platinum surface, initially to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), so that the polarity tends to discharge as electrons are donated to oxygen (which acts as an electron acceptor). The current which then flows is stoichiometrically related to the oxygen consumed at the cathode.

Electrode chamber & temperature control

Oxytherm+ R System for high-resolution measurements of mitochondrial function, bioenergetics and other respirometry applications

The reaction vessel itself is constructed from precision-bore borosilicate glass tube with oxygen electrode forming the floor of the reaction vessel. It is contained within an insulated block which is fitted with a Peltier element and a large heat sink. This allows precise, effective temperature control of sample and sensor between 3°C – 40°C. Chamber temperature is configured in-software with actual chamber temperature indicated on an LCD display mounted on the front panel of the chamber itself.

The reaction vessel is sealed during the assay via the use of a gas-tight plunger (stopper) which prevents ingress of atmospheric oxygen. is fitted with a plunger with a central bore. The height of the plunger may be adjusted easily to suit liquid-phase sample volumes of between 0.2ml – 2.5ml. A narrow tube through the length of the plunger accommodates Hamilton-type syringe needles allowing additions of substrates, inhibitors and uncouplers directly into the sample. A window in the front of the chamber, and a user-operated viewing light, provides maximum visibility of the entire height of the reaction vessel allowing the plunger to be easily adjusted as necessary for the sample volume both before and during the assay.

Ion Selective Electrodes (ISEs)

We recommend using ISEs from World Precision Instruments (WPI). These ISEs have been tried and tested with Oxytherm+ R. The WPI ISEs connect directly to the Oxytherm+ R and can be mounted in the sample chamber for simultaneous, real-time measurement alongside the measurement of oxygen consumption.

The compatible ISEs are as follows:

Oxytherm+ R Video Presentation

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Publications

Below is a sample of recent topics where Hansatech Instruments respirometers have been used in respirometry studies of mitochondrial function and other cellular bioenergetics research.

Alternatively, please click this link, which performs a search on Google Scholar, to view many more publications citing Oxytherm+ R.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction
  • Mitochondrial protein import clogging as a mechanism of disease
    Liam P. Coyne, Xiaowen Wang, Jiyao Song, Ebbing de Jong, Karin Schneider, Paul T. Massa, Frank A. Middleton, Thomas Becker, Xin Jie Chen
    bioRxiv 2022.09.20.508789;
    https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.20.508789
  • N-acetyl-L-cysteine ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction in ischemia/reperfusion injury via attenuating Drp-1 mediated mitochondrial autophagy
    Mubashshir Ali, Heena Tabassum, M Mumtaz Alam, Suhel Parvez
    Life Sciences, Volume 293, 2022, 120338, ISSN 0024-3205,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120338
  • NAD supplementation improves mitochondrial performance of cardiolipin mutants
    Jiajia Ji, Deena Damschroder, Denise Bessert, Pablo Lazcano, Robert Wessells, Christian A. Reynolds, Miriam L. Greenberg
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) – Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, Volume 1867, Issue 4, 2022, 159094, ISSN 1388-1981,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159094
  • Effects of vitamin D (VD3) supplementation on the brain mitochondrial function of male rats, in the 6-OHDA-induced model of Parkinson’s disease
    Ludmila Araújo de Lima, Pedro Lourenzo Oliveira Cunha, Iana Bantim Felicio Calou, Kelly Rose Tavares Neves, Heberty Tarso Facundo, Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
    Neurochemistry International, Volume 154, 2022, 105280, ISSN 0197-0186,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105280
  • Mitochondria Bioenergetic Functions and Cell Metabolism Are Modulated by the Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction
    Algieri, C.; Bernardini, C.; Oppedisano, F.; La Mantia, D.; Trombetti, F.; Palma, E.; Forni, M.; Mollace, V.; Romeo, G.; Nesci, S.
    Cells 2022, 11, 1401.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091401
Neurology
  • Myricitrin–a flavonoid isolated from the Indian olive tree (Elaeocarpus floribundus)–inhibits Monoamine oxidase in the brain and elevates striatal dopamine levels: therapeutic implications against Parkinson’s disease
    Banerjee C, Nandy S, Chakraborty J, Kumar D.
    Food & Function. 2022;13(12):6545-59.
    https://doi.org/10.1039/D2FO00734G
  • Mitoquinone supplementation alleviates oxidative stress and pathologic outcomes following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury at a chronic time point
    Maha Tabet, Marya El-Kurdi, Muhammad Ali Haidar, Leila Nasrallah, Mohammad Amine Reslan, Deborah Shear, Jignesh D. Pandya, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi, Mirna Sabra, Stefania Mondello, Yehia Mechref, Abdullah Shaito, Kevin K. Wang, Riyad El-Khoury, Firas Kobeissy
    Experimental Neurology, Volume 351, 2022, 113987, ISSN 0014-4886,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113987
  • Effects of Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide on Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Cerebral Metabolism, and Glutamatergic Transmission: An Integrated Approach in a Triple Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
    Bellanti Francesco, Bukke Vidyasagar Naik, Moola Archana, Villani Rosanna, Scuderi Caterina, Steardo Luca, Palombelli Gianmauro, Canese Rossella, Beggiato Sarah, Altamura Mario, Vendemiale Gianluigi, Serviddio Gaetano, Cassano Tommaso
    Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 14, 2022, 1663-4365
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2022.890855
  • Pathogenic variants in GCSH encoding the moonlighting H-protein cause combined nonketotic hyperglycinemia and lipoate deficiency
    Laura Arribas-Carreira, Cristina Dallabona, Michael A Swanson, Joseph Farris, Elsebet Østergaard, Konstantinos Tsiakas, Maja Hempel, Cecile Aquaviva-Bourdain, Stefanos Koutsoukos, Nicholas V Stence, Martina Magistrati, Elaine B Spector, Kathryn Kronquist, Mette Christensen, Helena G Karstensen, René G Feichtinger, Melanie T Achleitner, J Lawrence Merritt II, Belén Pérez, Magdalena Ugarte, Stephanie Grünewald, Anthony R Riela, Natalia Julve, Jean-Baptiste Arnoux, Kasturi Haldar, Claudia Donnini, René Santer, Allan M Lund, Johannes A Mayr, Pilar Rodriguez-Pombo, Johan L K Van Hove
    Human Molecular Genetics, Volume 32, Issue 6, 15 March 2023, Pages 917–933,
    https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddac246
  • The Effect of Methylene Blue and Its Metabolite—Azure I—on Bioenergetic Parameters of Intact Mouse Brain Mitochondria
    Gureev, A.P., Samoylova, N.A., Potanina, D.V. et al.
    Moscow Suppl. Ser. B 16, 148–153 (2022).
    https://doi.org/10.1134/S1990750822020044
Oncology
  • Redox proteome analysis of auranofin exposed ovarian cancer cells (A2780)
    Chiappetta G, Gamberi T, Faienza F, Limaj X, Rizza S, Messori L, Filomeni G, Modesti A, Vinh J.
    Redox Biology. 2022 Jun 1;52:102294.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2022.102294
  • Development of metabolic and contractile alterations in development of cancer cachexia in female tumor-bearing mice
    Lim S, Deaver JW, Rosa-Caldwell ME, Haynie WS, Morena da Silva F, Cabrera AR, Schrems ER, Saling LW, Jansen LT, Dunlap KR, Wiggs MP.
    Journal of Applied Physiology. 2022 Jan 1;132(1):58-72.
    https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00660.2021
  • PGC1α/β expression predicts therapeutic response to oxidative phosphorylation inhibition in ovarian cancer
    Ghilardi C, Moreira-Barbosa C, Brunelli L, Ostano P, Panini N, Lupi M, Anastasia A, Fiordaliso F, Salio M, Formenti L, Russo M.
    Cancer Research. 2022 Apr 1;82(7):1423-34.
    https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-21-1223
  • Inhibition of LPAR6 overcomes sorafenib resistance by switching glycolysis into oxidative phosphorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Gnocchi D, Kurzyk A, Mintrone A, Lentini G, Sabbà C, Mazzocca A.
    2022 Nov 1;202:180-9.
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2022.07.016
  • Global metabolic alterations in colorectal cancer cells during irinotecan-induced DNA replication stress
    Marx C, Sonnemann J, Maddocks OD, Marx-Blümel L, Beyer M, Hoelzer D, Thierbach R, Maletzki C, Linnebacher M, Heinzel T, Krämer OH.
    Cancer & Metabolism. 2022 Jul 4;10(1):10.
    https://doi.org/10.1186/s40170-022-00286-9
Pharmaceuticals
Aging
  • Optogenetic rejuvenation of mitochondrial membrane potential extends C. elegans lifespan
    Brandon J. Berry, Anežka Vodičková, Annika Müller-Eigner, Chen Meng, Christina Ludwig, Matt Kaeberlein, Shahaf Peleg, Andrew P. Wojtovich
    bioRxiv 2022.05.11.491574;
    https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.05.11.491574
  • ER reductive stress caused by Ero1α S-nitrosation accelerates senescence
    Xinhua Qiao, Yingmin Zhang, Aojun Ye, Yini Zhang, Ting Xie, Zhenyu Lv, Chang Shi, Dongli Wu, Boyu Chu, Xun Wu, Weiqi Zhang, Ping Wang, Guang-Hui Liu, Chih-chen Wang, Lei Wang, Chang Chen
    Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Volume 180, 2022, Pages 165-178, ISSN 0891-5849,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.01.006.
  • cep-1 mediated the mitohormesis effect of Shengmai formula in regulating Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan
    Dejuan Zhi, Chengmu Zhao, Juan Dong, Wenjuan Ma, Shuaishuai Xu, Juan Yue, Dongsheng Wang
    Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 152, 2022, 113246, ISSN 0753-3322,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113246.
  • Antiaging Effect of 4-N-Furfurylcytosine in Yeast Model Manifests through Enhancement of Mitochondrial Activity and ROS Reduction
    Pawelczak P, Fedoruk-Wyszomirska A, Wyszko E.
    2022; 11(5):850.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11050850
  • Krill oil protects dopaminergic neurons from age-related degeneration through temporal transcriptome rewiring and suppression of several hallmarks of aging
    SenGupta T, Lefol Y, Lirussi L, Suaste V, Luders T, Gupta S, Aman Y, Sharma K, Fang EF, Nilsen H.
    Aging (Albany NY). 2022 Nov 9; 14:8661-8687 .
    https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204375
Cardiology
  • Metabolic alterations in a rat model of takotsubo syndrome
    Nadine Godsman, Michael Kohlhaas, Alexander Nickel, Lesley Cheyne, Marco Mingarelli, Lutz Schweiger, Claire Hepburn, Chantal Munts, Andy Welch, Mirela Delibegovic, Marc Van Bilsen, Christoph Maack, Dana K Dawson
    Cardiovascular Research, Volume 118, Issue 8, May 2022, Pages 1932–1946,
    https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvab081
  • Uncompensated mitochondrial oxidative stress underlies heart failure in an iPSC-derived model of congenital heart disease
    Xu, Xinxiu, Jin, Kang, Bais, Abha S., Zhu, Wenjuan, Yagi, Hisato, Feinstein, Timothy N., Nguyen, Phong K., Criscione, Joseph D., Liu, Xiaoqin, Beutner, Gisela, Karunakaran, Kalyani B., Rao, Krithika S., He, Haoting, Adams, Phillip, Kuo, Catherine K., Kostka, Dennis, Pryhuber, Gloria S., Shiva, Sruti, Ganapathiraju, Madhavi K., Porter, George A., Jr., Lin, Jiuann-Huey Ivy, Aronow, Bruce, Lo, Cecilia W.
    Cell Stem Cell, ISSN: 1934-5909, Vol: 29, Issue: 5, Page: 840-855.e7, May 2022
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2022.03.003
  • Mitochondrial calcium uniporter stabilization preserves energetic homeostasis during Complex I impairment
    Balderas, E., Eberhardt, D.R., Lee, S. et al.
    Nat Commun 13, 2769 (2022).
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30236-4
  • Mutant CHCHD10 causes an extensive metabolic rewiring that precedes OXPHOS dysfunction in a murine model of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy
    Sayles, Nicole M., Southwell, Nneka, McAvoy, Kevin, Kim, Kihwan, Pesini, Alba, Anderson, Corey J., Quinzii, Catarina, Cloonan, Suzanne, Kawamata, Hibiki, Manfredi, Giovanni
    Cell Reports, ISSN: 2211-1247, Vol: 38, Issue: 10, Page: 110475, 2022
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110475
  • Mitochondrial interactome quantitation reveals structural changes in metabolic machinery in the failing murine heart
    Caudal, A., Tang, X., Chavez, J.D. et al.
    Nat Cardiovasc Res 1, 855–866 (2022).
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s44161-022-00127-4
Endocrinology
  • SERPINA3C ameliorates adipose tissue inflammation through the Cathepsin G/Integrin/AKT pathway
    Bai-Yu Li, Ying-Ying Guo, Gang Xiao, Liang Guo, Qi-Qun Tang    , Molecular Metabolism
    Volume 61, 2022, 101500, ISSN 2212-8778,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101500.
  • CHCHD10 Modulates Thermogenesis of Adipocytes by Regulating Lipolysis
    Meng Ding, Yin-jun Ma, Ruo-qi Du, Wei-yu Zhou, Xin Dou, Qi-qi Yang, Yan Tang, Shu-wen Qian, Yun Liu, Dong-ning Pan, Qi-Qun Tang, Yang Liu    .
    Diabetes 1 September 2022; 71 (9): 1862–1879.
    https://doi.org/10.2337/db21-0999
Hepatology
Infection
  • Access to highly specialized growth substrates and production of epithelial immunomodulatory metabolites determine survival of Haemophilus influenzae in human airway epithelial cells
    Hosmer J, Nasreen M, Dhouib R, Essilfie A-T, Schirra HJ, Henningham A, et al.
    PLoS Pathog 18(1): e1010209. (2022)
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010209
  • Naphthoquinone as a New Chemical Scaffold for Leishmanicidal Inhibitors of Leishmania GSK-3
    Sebastián-Pérez, V.; Martínez de Iturrate, P.; Nácher-Vázquez, M.; Nóvoa, L.; Pérez, C.; Campillo, N.E.; Gil, C.; Rivas, L.
    Biomedicines 2022, 10, 1136.
    https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10051136
  • The unusual convergence of steroid catabolic pathways in Mycobacterium abscessus
    M. Crowe, J.M.C. Krekhno, K.L. Brown, J.A. Kulkarni, K.C. Yam, L.D. Eltis
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 119 (40) e2207505119, (2022)
    https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2207505119
  • Energy metabolism as a target for cyclobenzaprine: A drug candidate against Visceral Leishmaniasis
    Marta Lopes Lima, Maria A. Abengózar, Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos, Samanta Etel Treiger Borborema, Joanna Godzien, Ángeles López-Gonzálvez, Coral Barbas, Luis Rivas, Andre Gustavo Tempone    ,
    Bioorganic Chemistry, Volume 127, 2022, 106009, ISSN 0045-2068,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106009
  • FRB domain of human TOR protein induces compromised proliferation and mitochondrial dysfunction in Leishmaniadonovani promastigotes
    Sudipta Chakraborty, Soumyajit Mukherjee, Priyam Biswas, Alok Ghosh, Anirban Siddhanta
    Parasitology International, Volume 89, 2022, 102591, ISSN 1383-5769,
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parint.2022.102591

System Components

Oxytherm+ R systems are supplied with the following components:

  • OXYT1+R: Oxytherm+ R electrode control unit with Respiration Peltier electrode chamber sensor
  • S1: Oxygen electrode disc and SMB-SMB connection cable
  • A2: Membrane applicator to assist with smooth application of electrode membrane
  • S2/P: Pack of 5 magnetic followers
  • S3: Pack of 2 replacement borosilicate glass reaction vessels
  • S4: PTFE membrane (0.0125mm x 25mm x 33m)
  • S7C: Replacement O-rings for electrode chamber
  • S16: Cleaning kit for the S1 electrode disc.

Technical Specifications

Oxytherm+ R electrode control unit

  • Measuring range:
    • Oxygen: 0% – 100%, pH: 0pH – 14pH
    • Aux: 0V – 4.096V
  • Signal inputs:
    • S1 Oxygen electrode (SMB)
    • pH/ISE (BNC)
    • Aux (8 pin Mini Din)
    • QTP1 PAR/Temp probe (6-pin Mini-Din)
  • Resolution:
    • Oxygen: 0.0003% (24-bit)
    • pH: 0.0006pH (16-bit)
    • Aux: 62.5µV/bit (16-bit)
  • Polarising voltage: 700mV
  • Input sensitivity: 0nA – 9000nA
  • Magnetic stirrer: Software controlled 150rpm – 900rpm in % steps
  • Sampling rate: 0.1 – 10 readings/s
  • Electronics:
    • Microcontroller: 16-bit high-performance CPU running at 32 MHz
    • ADC: Dual, Low-power, 16/24-bit Sigma Delta
  • Display: 61 x 2 character blue LCD
  • Communications: USB2.0
  • Analogue output: 0V – 4.5V O2 signal
  • Dimensions (HWD): 250mm x 125mm x 65mm
  • Weight: 0.63 Kg
  • Power: 95V – 260V universal input mains supply. Output 12V DC 2.5A.

S1 oxygen electrode disc

  • Electrode type: Clark-type polarographic oxygen sensor
  • Electrode output: Typically 1.6µA at 21% O2
  • Residual current: Typically 0.04µA in 0% O2
  • Response time: 10 – 90% typically <5 seconds
  • Oxygen consumption: Typically <0.015µmol/hr-1

Oxytherm+ R electrode chamber

  • Suitability: Liquid-phase respirometry
  • Temp range: 3°C – 40°C (25°C ambient)
  • Response time: <10 min, accuracy: +/- 0.5°C
  • Sample chamber: Precision-bore, borosilicate glass tube
  • Sample volume: 0.2ml – 2.5ml
  • Plunger: Variable-height gas-tight plunger with central bore
  • Optical ports: Front viewing window
  • Dimensions: 132mm x 100mm x 90mm
  • Weight: 650g.

Downloads

Download the current software version and the Oxytherm+ R manual from the links below.

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OxyTrace+ Software

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Oxytherm+ System Manual

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